高血糖急症 – Hyperglycemic Crises

HHS (hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state): 需有 con’s change or focal neurologic deficits

DKA 轉變成 HHS 較少而 HHS 若橕很久轉變成 DKA。

2[measured Na+ in mEq/l)] + [glucose in mmol]), not taking urea into consideration, as it is distributed equally in all body compartments and its accumulation does not induce an osmotic gradient across cell membranes

314

不需把 BUN 放入考慮, 因細胞內外會平衡。

Ans: 1

細胞外鈉不變

細胞內鈉改變

One other very important point: Hyponatremia in the setting of hyperglycemia is not an artifact. It is real. However when the glucose is reduced in DKA through hydration and insulin, and the plasma glucose concentration is reduced, water leaves the extracellular space entering the cellular space raising the extracellular sodium concentration.