Psychopharmacologic Drugs : Anxiolytics, Sedatives and Hypnotics
IDIAN1“Dianlin injection” 5 mg/ml; 2 ml/amp
ODIAP2 “Diapin tablet” 2 mg/tab
ODIAZ3 “Diazepam tablet” 2 mg/tab
TSTES2 “Stesolid rectal tube” 4 mg/ml; 2.5 ml/tube
適應症：
IDIAN1：焦慮狀態、失眠、肌肉痙攣、癲癇重積狀態。
ODIAP2, ODIAZ3：焦慮狀態、失眠、肌肉痙攣。
TSTES2：小孩熱痙攣、癲癇患者抽搐發作、牙科手術或輕微手術前或檢查前之鎮靜劑。
Usual dose:
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome:
Adult:PO, initial, 10 mg tid-qid in first 24 hr, then 5 mg tid-qid as needed
Anxiety:
Adult: PO, 2-10 mg bid-qid depending on symptom severity
Pediatric:PO, initial, 1 to 2.5 mg tid-qid; increase gradually as needed
Seizure; Adjunct:
Adult: PO, 2-10 mg bid-qid
Rectally, initial, 0.2 mg/kg, may repeat in 4 to 12 hours, no more than 1 episode every 5 days, and 5 episodes per month.
Pediatric:
>6 months: PO: initial, 1-2.5 mg tid-qid, may increase gradually as needed
2-5 yrs: Rectally: initial, 0.5 mg/kg, may repeat in 4-12 hours, no more than 1 episode every 5 days, and 5 episodes per month.
6-11 yrs: Rectally: initial, 0.3 mg/kg, may repeat in 4-12 hours, no more than 1 episode every 5 days, and 5 episodes per month.
> 12 yrs: Rectally: initial, 0.2 mg/kg, may repeat in 4-12 hours, no more than 1 episode every 5 days, and 5 episodes per month.
Skeletal muscle spasm; Adjunct:
Adult: PO: 2-10 mg tid-qid
Pediatric : (>6 months): PO: initial, 1-2.5 mg tid-qid, may increase gradually as needed
Dose adjustment:
Renal impairment: No specific adjustment is necessary.
Hepatic impairment: No adjustment required.
Cirrhosis: Daily dose reduction of 50% is warranted .
Debilitated patients、Geriatric: Initiate with the smallest effective dose (2-2.5 mg qd-bid), then increase dose gradually if needed and as tolerated.
Chronic respiratory insufficiency: Use a lower dose due to a risk of respiratory depression.
Adverse effect:
Common: hypotension, Rash (3%, rectal gel ), Diarrhea (4%, rectal gel ), Muscle weakness, ataxia, Incoordination (3%, rectal gel ), somnolence, Euphoria (3%, rectal gel ), respiratory depression, fatigue.
Serious: Neutropenia