Antidotes in Poisoning : Specific Antidotes
INALO1 “Naloxone injection” 0.4 mg/ml; 1 ml/amp
適應症：麻醉藥品過量之解毒劑。
Usual dose:
Opioid dependence, diagnosis:
Adult: 0.2 mg IV, observe for 30 sec for signs or symptoms of withdrawal; if no evidence, 0.6 mg IV, observe for additional 20 min; 0.8 mg SC, observe for 20 min for signs or symptoms of withdrawal.
Overdose of opiate:
Adult: 0.4-2 mg IV/IM/SC, repeat q2-3min as needed; if no response after 10 mg, reconsider diagnosis of opioid toxicity.
Pediatric: 0.01 mg/kg IV, then 0.1 mg/kg if needed; may give IM/SC in divided doses if IV route not available.
Reversal of opiate activity, postoperative:
Adult: 0.1-0.2 mg IV, repeat q2-3min as needed to desired degree of reversal; repeat doses may be needed within 1-2 h depending on amount and type of opioid and time interval since last opioid administration.
Pediatric: 0.005-0.01 mg IV q2-3min to desired degree of reversal.
Septic shock: Adult
(1) 0.03-0.2 mg/kg IV bolus > 5 min; if clinical response, follow by IV infusion of 0.03-0.3 mg/kg/h for 1-24 h.
(2) 0.4 mg single IV bolus over 3-5 min; repeat for 3-5 doses; if clinical response, follow by IV infusion of 0.03-0.3 mg/kg/h for 1-24 h; optimal dose has not been established.
Adverse effect:
Hypertension, hypotension, ventricular fibrillation, hepatotoxicity, pulmonary edema, cardiac dysrhythmia, opioid withdrawal symptoms.