Hormones and Agents Affecting Hormonal Mechanism: Antidiabetic Agents: Oral Hypoglycemic Agents
ONOVO1 “Novonorm tablet” 1 mg/tab
OREPA1 “Repaglinide tablet” 1 mg/tab
適應症：第2型糖尿病(NIDDM)無法經由飲食控制、減重及加強運動等方法，達成良好控制者。
Usual dose:
Diabetes mellitus type 2:
(HbA1c < 8%) initial, 0.5 mg with each meal.
(HbA1c > 8%): initial, 1-2 mg with each meal, dose range, 0.5-4 mg bid-qid, max. 16 mg qd.
Contraindication: diabetic ketoacidosis, DM type 1.
Adverse effect:
Hypoglycemia, diarrhea, upper respiratory infection.
Dose adjustment:
Renal impairment, (CrCl 20 to 40 mL/min): starting dose 0.5 mg, titrate with care.
Renal impairment, severe (CrCl less than 20 mL/min) and patients requiring hemodialysis: no dosage recommendations available.
Hepatic insufficiency, moderate to severe: allow for longer intervals (greater than 1 week) between dose titrations.
Contraindication: diabetic ketoacidosis, DM type 1.
Precaution:
Concomitant use: Concomitant use with NPH-insulin not recommended.
Endocrine and metabolic: Hypoglycemia may occur, with an increased risk in elderly, debilitated, or malnourished patients, and those with adrenal, pituitary, or hepatic insufficiency.
Endocrine and metabolic: Hepatic or severe renal insufficiency may increase risk of hypoglycemia; dosage adjustment may be necessary.
Endocrine and metabolic: Stress caused by infection, fever, trauma, or surgery can cause loss of glycemic control; discontinuation may be necessary.
Adverse effect:
Common: hypoglycemia, diarrhea, arthralgia, headache, sinusitis, upper respiratory infection.
serious:
cardiovascular: angina, cardiac dysrhythmia, cardiovascular event risk, mortality, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia.