Nutritional Agents : Replenishers & Regulators of Water & Electrolytes
IVITA1 “Vitacal injection” 2%; 20 ml/amp
適應症：止血、營養。
Usual dose:
Adult
Hyperkalemia: 500-1000 mg calcium chloride (5-10 mL of 10% solution; 136.5-273 mg elemental calcium) IV over 2-5 minutes.
Hypocalcemia: 200 mg to 1 g calcium chloride (2-10 mL of a 10% solution; 55-273 mg elemental calcium) administered IV preferably in a central or deep vein at a rate not exceeding 1 mL/min.
Magnesium overload: (severe cardiotoxicity or cardiac arrest due to hypermagnesemia): 500-1000 mg calcium chloride (5-10 mL of 10% solution; 136.5-273 mg elemental calcium) over 2-5 minutes.
Pediatric
Advanced cardiac life support: 20 mg/kg (0.2 mL/kg of 10% solution; 5.5 mg/kg elemental calcium) IV slowly, not to exceed 0.5-1 mL/min; maximum dose 2 g (546 mg elemental calcium).
Hyperkalemia: 20 mg/kg (0.2 mL/kg of 10% solution; 5.5 mg/kg elemental calcium) by slow IV injection; maximum single dose: 2 g (546 mg elemental calcium); maximum rate: 0.5-1 mL/min.
Hypocalcemia: 2.7-5 mg/kg (0.027-0.05 mL/kg of a 10% solution; 0.74-1.37 mg/kg elemental calcium) administered IV preferably in a central or deep vein at a rate not exceeding 1 mL/min.
Magnesium overload: during life-threatening circumstances, administer calcium chloride 20 mg/kg (0.2 mL/kg of 10% solution; 5.5 mg/kg elemental calcium) by slow IV injection; maximum single dose: 2 g (546 mg elemental calcium); maximum rate: 0.5-1 mL/min.
Dose adjustment:
Renal impairment: CrCl < 25 mL/min, dosage adjustments may be necessary dependent on serum calcium levels.
Contraindication:
Known or suspected digoxin toxicity, use of ceftriaxone sodium injection in neonates receiving or expected to receive calcium-containing IV solutions, ventricular fibrillation during cardiac resuscitation.
Precaution:
IM, subQ, or injection into perivascular tissue may cause necrosis and skin sloughing; concomitant use of digitalis drugs not recommended unless indications are clearly defined.
Adverse effect:
Common: burning sensation.
Serious: vasodilatation, skin necrosis.