Neurologic Drugs : Antiepileptics
IALEV2 “Aleviatin injection” 50 mg/ml; 5 ml/amp
OPHEN5 “Phenytoin tablet” 100 mg/tab
適應症：大發作及局部發作型癲癇，預防及治療神經外科手術所引起之癲癇發作。
Usual dose:
Generalized Tonic-Clonic and Complex Partial Seizures: PO
Adult: 100 mg tid; maintenance, 300-400 mg/day, max. 600 mg/day.
Pediatric
(> 6 yrs): require minimum adult dose (300 mg/day).
(≦6 yrs): 5 mg/kg/day divided equally into 2 or 3 doses to a subsequent max. of 300 mg/day; usual maintenance dose is 4-8 mg/kg/day.
Status epilepticus: IV
Adult: 10-15 mg/kg IV loading dose (not to exceed 50 mg/min), followed by maintenance doses of 100 mg PO or IV q6-8h.
Pediatric (≦6 yrs): 15-20 mg/kg slow IV loading dose (not to exceed 1 to 3 mg/kg/min).
Dose adjustment:
Geriatric: initially 3 mg/kg/day in divided doses.
Contraindication: sinus bradycardia, SA block.
Adverse effect:
Common: pruritus, rash, constipation, drug-induced gingival hyperplasia, nausea, vomiting, hepatotoxicity, osteomalacia, ataxia, choreoathetosis, coordination problem, dizziness, encephalopathy, headache, insomnia, paresthesia, slurred speech, confusion, feeling nervous.
Serious: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, agranulocytosis, granulocytopenic disorder, leukopenia, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia, liver damage, lupus erythematosus, nephrotoxicity.